Section commentary. Labour market

This chapter describes that the effects of international migration in Europe contribute to what we could call mainstream economic studies on labour market effects, developed mostly in Anglo-Saxon countries and consisting both of advanced formal deliberations and econometric analyses. It presents the specificity of research concerned with Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) and conducted in recent decades in this domain. The chapter defines the CEE as the group of post-communist countries in Eastern part of Europe which have been undergoing the institutional transition to democracy and a market economy; some of these countries are members of the European Union and others are not. Since the beginning of the 1990s, the CEE region has suffered from three demographic phenomena that contribute to and accelerate population ageing: decline in fertility levels and the emergence of lowest-low fertility; increases or stagnation in life expectancy; and large outmigration of young persons.