Anopheles Vectors in Mainland China While Approaching Malaria Elimination

China isapproachingmalariaelimination;however,well-documentedinforma- tion onmalariavectorsisstillmissing,whichcouldhinderthedevelopmentof appropriate surveillancestrategiesandWHOcertification. Thisreviewsumma- rizes thenationwidedistributionofmalariavectors,theirbionomiccharacter- istics, controlmeasures,andrelatedstudies.Afterseveralyearsofeffort,the area ofdistributionoftheprincipalmalariavectorswasreduced,inparticular for Anopheles lesteri (synonym: An. anthropophagus) and Anopheles dirus s.l., which nearlydisappearedfromtheirformerendemicregions. Anopheles sinen- sis is becomingthepredominantspeciesinsouthwesternChina.Thebionomic characteristics ofthesespecieshavechanged,andresistancetoinsecticides was reported.Thereisaneedtoupdatesurveillancetoolsandinvestigatethe role ofsecondaryvectorsinmalariatransmission.