Między teorią a praktyką wychowania – czego dziś możemy nauczyć się z Orbis sensualium pictus Jana Amosa Komeńskiego

The most important merits of Comenius in the history of education are his justifi-cation and the use of visualization in teaching, describing and justifying the class-lesson system with a breakdown into subjects of teaching, and he is credited with the work of the “improvement of human affairs” in the world in the spirit of “humanistic values”. A careful reading of Comenius’ textbooks, in particular his Orbis sensualium pictus (1658), shows that all these “merits” are the result of a simplified interpretation or even misinterpretation of his works, in particular – focusing only on the theoretical and visionary texts by Comenius and not taking into account his textbooks.