Co-Creation in Public Engagement and Stakeholder Engagement: Pathways for Participatory and Democratic Knowledge Valorisation

Although the University of Milan does not yet have a formalised institutional programme dedicated to Citizen Science, several faculty members already employ Citizen Science methodologies in their projects. At the same time, the University has established structured co-creation and co-design approaches as preferred methods for developing Public Engagement and Stakeholder Engagement initiatives. These processes involve continuous knowledge exchange, shared goal-setting, identification of audiences and beneficiaries, and the design of communication and impact assessment processes. This experience is also providing a solid methodological basis for the future development of more systematic Citizen Science pathways within the University.