Extent and dynamics of the Saalian ice-sheet margin in Neple, eastern Poland

The Neple site is located on a marginal moraine between the valleys of Bug and Krzna rivers in the southern part of the Polish–Belarusian border area. A glacial diamicton is overlain there by glaciofluvial sand and gravel. The glacial diamicton is laminated and, based on petrographic examination, it was ascribed both to the Sanian 2 Glaciation (Elsterian) and the Warta Stadial ice-sheet of the Odranian Glaciation (Saalian). The sediments were glaciotectonically deformed during readvance of the Warta Stadial icesheet. A local stress field was from the northwest and north but it partly encountered resistance from the glacial lobe located in the present-day river-mouth of the Krzna River. Similar glaciotectonic deformations are common also along the southwestern slope of the present Bug River valley, demarcating the maximum extent of the Warta Stadial (Saalian) ice-sheet in this area.