OGLE-2016-BLG-1227L: A Wide-separation Planet from a Very Short-timescale Microlensing Event

We present the analysis of the microlensing event OGLE-2016-BLG-1227. The light curve of this short-duration event appears to be a single-lens event affected by severe finite-source effects. Analysis of the light curve based on a single-lens single-source (1L1S) model yields very small values of the event timescale, ${t}_{{\rm{E}}}\sim 3.5$ days, and the angular Einstein radius, ${\theta }_{{\rm{E}}}\sim 0.009$ mas, making the lens a candidate of a free-floating planet. Close inspection reveals that the 1L1S solution leaves small residuals with an amplitude of ΔI ≲ 0.03 mag. We find that the residuals are explained by the existence of an additional widely separated heavier lens component, indicating that the lens is a wide-separation planetary system rather than a free-floating planet. From Bayesian analysis, it is estimated that the planet has a mass of ${M}_{{\rm{p}}}={0.79}_{-0.39}^{+1.30}\,{M}_{{\rm{J}}}$ and it is orbiting a low-mass host star with a mass of ${M}_{\mathrm{host}}={0.10}_{-0.05}^{+0.17}\,{M}_{\odot }$ located with a projected separation of ${a}_{\perp }={3.4}_{-1.0}^{+2.1}$ au. The planetary system is located in the Galactic bulge with a line-of-sight separation from the source star of ${D}_{\mathrm{LS}}={1.21}_{-0.63}^{+0.96}$ kpc. The event shows that there is a range of deviations in the signatures of host stars for apparently isolated planetary lensing events and that it is possible to identify a host even when a deviation is subtle.