Wspólna Polityka Bezpieczeństwa i Obrony w 2019 r.: czas pierwszych ocen

The article discusses the evolution and functioning of the Common Security and Defence Policy of the EU in 2019. The authors begin with an analysis of the main determinants of cooperation within CSDP, focusing on the impact of the perspective on Brexit as well as internal political changes and tensions in main European countries (France, Germany), and US-Europe relations. They discuss the evolution of the political dimension of European cooperation on security and defence, including the debates on European strategic autonomy and changes in European institutions. They also present the development of PESCO, including the course of the debates on the participation of third states in this initiative, as well as it’s functioning in 2019. Additionally, they analyze current changes in operational activities (i.e. CSDP missions and operations), including modifi cations of key instruments for executing such actions, like the so called Civilian Compact. In conclusion, they off er an overall assessment of the results and achievements of CSDP in 2019, together with a concise prognosis of its future development.