The Soviet Union Strategy towards the Middle East

The thesis is a humble attempt to enter the Cold War studies scholar discussion and to conduct multi-disciplinary research which aims to merge and unite different scientific approaches and methods into one particular cohesive and synergetic composition. The goal of the research is to grasp the essence of the Soviet Union's strategy toward the Middle East through the introduction two-dimensional approach in the research. To analyze the geopolitical and ideological determinants of the Soviet Union's strategy throughout the entire period of the USSR’s existence. The author's academic or scientific goal was to contribute to the Cold War studies and bring to life disappeared from the current global expert and academic discussion the principles of the old school of Sovietology. The research is built predominantly on the in-depth analyses of the direct Soviet archives and different sources: theoretical writings of theoreticians of Marxism-Leninism and other Communist writers, the Soviet documents of both types, with ideological and geopolitical nature; theoretical and analytical researches that were conducted by the Soviet scholars and analysts. Additionally in the thesis is possible to see the massive examination. By the examination of the Soviet Union's strategy toward the Middle East, the reader can understand and see the whole retrospective of the Soviet grand strategy. State of art of this dissertation to contribute to the international academic and expert discussion that examines the role of non-Western geopolitical players in the Middle East (non-directly the Third World) both in terms of security and ideology. This work helps to understand the nature of Russian expansionism and its grand logic in building alternative world economic and political order. The zealous desire of the Soviets to possess the naval and air base in the Eastern Mediterranean explains her strategic considerations, especially after the war in Ukraine and to build a multipolar world. This work is not traditional research which is possible to label as analytical, synthetic, theoretical (conceptual), or historical. For example, from the historical point of view, I had to achieve the following tasks: (1) to describe and analyze the Soviet Union's history and its policies towards the Middle East and the Third World; (2) to accurately provide research and analysis of the historical events and regional perspectives in the Middle East and impact of Soviet influence on the region. For example, examination of the Soviet factor in the debates over the Arab nationalism and Caliphate; (3) provide the historic retrospective of British and American strategy towards the Middle East that corresponded with the periods of Soviet activities in the region.