Beyond oil: Saudi Arabia as the next global AI power?

This thesis explores the transformative journey of Saudi Arabia from an oil-dependent economy into a potential global leader in artificial intelligence (AI). The main research questions of the thesis focus on how Saudi Arabia intends to become an AI power and also how transitioning into an AI power will allow the Kingdom to increase its influence globally. Firstly, the thesis analyzes AI development from a geopolitical perspective and then outlines the national strategies of the US and China and compares both of them, and what could be the potential of a new division of the world when it comes to AI. Then it examines Saudi Arabia’s national strategy, particularly through initiatives like Vision 2030, NEOM, and SDAIA. Despite the fact that the findings show rapid growth in building infrastructure and creating talent, the Kingdom still faces challenges such as limited local expertise. The research also showcases the rivalry in the region, with the UAE and Iran in the context of the AI leadership, both regional and global. The main hypothesis of this research paper is that with continued development and implementation of new strategies, Saudi Arabia is likely to become the new leading power in the artificial intelligence sector.