Assessment of Causes and Effects of Groundwater Level Change in an Urban Area (Warsaw, Poland)

Monitoring the data of groundwater level in long-term measurement series has allowed forassessment of the impact of natural and anthropogenic factors on groundwater recharge. It allows forassessing the actual groundwater quantity, which constitutes the basis for balanced and sustainablegroundwater planning and management in an urban area. Groundwater levels in three aquiferswere studied: the shallow and deeper Quaternary aquifers and the Oligocene aquifer in Warsaw(Poland). Statistical analysis was performed on a 27-year (1993–2019) cycle of daily measurementsof groundwater levels. The studies focused on determining the range and causes of groundwaterlevel changes in urban-area aquifers. The groundwater table position in the Quaternary aquiferpointed to variable long-term recharge and allowed for the identification of homogenous intervalswith identification of water table fluctuation trends. A decrease in the water table was observedwithin the Quaternary aquifers. The Oligocene aquifer displayed an opposite trend.