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Acute toxicity of organoarsenic chemical warfare agents to Danio rerio embryos

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dc.abstract.enDuring the 20th century, thousands of tons of munitions containing organoarsenic chemical warfare agents (CWAs) were dumped into oceans, seas and inland waters around the world. As a result, organoarsenic CWAs continue to leak from corroding munitions into sediments and their environmental concentrations are expected to peak over the next few decades. There remains, however, a lack of knowledge about their potential toxicity to aquatic vertebrates, such as fish. The aim of this study was to fill in this gap in research, by investigating the acute toxicity of organoarsenic CWAs on fish embryos, using the model species, Danio rerio. To estimate the acute toxicity thresholds of organoarsenic CWAs (Clark I, Adamsite, PDCA), a CWA-related compound (TPA), as well as four organoarsenic CWA degradation products (Clark I[ox], Adamsite[ox], PDCA[ox], TPA[ox]), standardized tests were performed following the OECD no. 236 Fish Embryo Acute Toxicity Test guidelines. Additionally, the detoxification response in D. rerio embryos was investigated by analysing the mRNA expression of five genes encoding antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD, GPx, GR and GST). During the 96 h of exposure, organoarsenic CWAs induced lethal effects in D. rerio embryos at very low concentrations (classified as 1st category pollutants according to GHS categorization), and were therefore deemed to be serious environmental hazards. Although TPA and the four CWA degradation products caused no acute toxicity even at their maximum solubility, the transcription of antioxidant-related genes was altered upon exposure to these compounds, indicating the need for further testing for chronic toxicity. Incorporating the results of this study into ecological risk assessments will provide a more accurate prediction of the environmental hazards posed by CWA-related organoarsenicals.
dc.affiliationUniwersytet Warszawski
dc.contributor.authorRadlińska, Monika
dc.contributor.authorSanderson, Hans
dc.contributor.authorBeldowski, Jacek
dc.contributor.authorPopiel, Stanisław
dc.contributor.authorNawala, Jakub
dc.contributor.authorDziedzic, Daniel
dc.contributor.authorCzub, Michał J.
dc.contributor.authorLudew, Antoni
dc.contributor.authorMaszczyk, Piotr
dc.contributor.authorBrzeziński, Tomasz
dc.contributor.authorWilczynski, Wojciech
dc.date.accessioned2024-01-24T15:38:11Z
dc.date.available2024-01-24T15:38:11Z
dc.date.copyright2023-06-12
dc.date.issued2023
dc.description.accesstimeBEFORE_PUBLICATION
dc.description.financeNie dotyczy
dc.description.versionFINAL_PUBLISHED
dc.description.volume262
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/J.ECOENV.2023.115116
dc.identifier.issn0147-6513
dc.identifier.urihttps://repozytorium.uw.edu.pl//handle/item/100221
dc.identifier.weblinkhttps://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0147651323006206?httpAccept=text/xml
dc.languageeng
dc.pbn.affiliationbiological sciences
dc.relation.ispartofEcotoxicology and Environmental Safety
dc.relation.pages115116
dc.rightsCC-BY
dc.sciencecloudnosend
dc.subject.enSea-dumped munitions
dc.subject.enZebrafish
dc.subject.enClark I
dc.subject.enAdamsite
dc.subject.enDCA
dc.subject.enTPA
dc.titleAcute toxicity of organoarsenic chemical warfare agents to Danio rerio embryos
dc.typeJournalArticle
dspace.entity.typePublication