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Opowieści i wiedza mieszkańców Górnej Nubii na temat dawnych budowli obronnych

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dc.abstract.enToday Upper Nubia is a part of northern Sudan. Axis of the region is an approx. 1000 km long section of the Nile. An integral element visible in the fertile areas of the banks of the river are ruins of defensive architecture. There are several hundred in the region. In literature, they are mention as old forts, fortresses, castles, fortifications, etc. They were usually massive and built from stone, stone/brick, or mud. Curtains enclose various size areas and often are reinforced with towers and bastions. In many cases, gates are additionally protected. They are often the largest buildings in the region, constituting well visible landmarks. The oldest of them are dated to the Kerma period (approx. 2500-1500 BC), and the youngest to the Mahdi Uprising (second half of the 19th century). I have often had the opportunity to talk about the fortifications with the inhabitants of the nearest villages during archaeological expeditions in the years 2007-2013 and 2015-2018. The interviews were informal and usually conducted in the company of an interpreter. These data, enriched with information from the literature, form the basis for the observations that will be presented in this article. It can be noticed that the older the ruins, the less historical information about them survived in the oral traditions. The most widely known and most detailed are the stories of modern fortifications dating back to the 16th-19th centuries (nub. diffi). During research in the village of Jawgul, where two diffi are located, interviews with residents provided detailed information about its history and former inhabitants. The oral tales confirmed and supplemented the results of archaeological research. According to the present-day inhabitants, medieval and ancient defensive architecture is often the work of other peoples who inhabited these areas in the past. The term Anag is used most often when speaking of them. Present-day inhabitants do not connect their ancestors with Anag, that is why the ruins can be perceived pragmatically as a source of raw material, fertilizer, or a place of hidden treasures. On a daily basis, however, residents avoid such places fearing evil spirits (gins). An exception is Jebel Sesi, where on the top of the hill there are remains of medieval/post-medieval defenses, which after falling into ruin were still a strong symbol of the hierarchy. Until the second half of the 19th-century coronation rituals of the Kokka kings were conducted there.
dc.affiliationUniwersytet Warszawski
dc.contributor.authorDrzewiecki, Mariusz
dc.date.accessioned2024-01-29T02:01:22Z
dc.date.available2024-01-29T02:01:22Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.description.financeNie dotyczy
dc.identifier.urihttps://repozytorium.uw.edu.pl//handle/item/157017
dc.identifier.weblinkhttps://www.academia.edu/44564761/Opowie%C5%9Bci_i_wiedza_mieszka%C5%84c%C3%B3w_G%C3%B3rnej_Nubii_na_temat_dawnych_budowli_obronnych_Local_stories_and_knowledge_concerning_remains_of_old_fortifications_in_Upper_Nubia_
dc.languagepol
dc.pbn.affiliationarchaeology
dc.publisher.ministerialWydawnictwo Bernardinum
dc.relation.bookBilad as-Sudan – Między przeszłością a teraźniejszością
dc.relation.pages103-129
dc.rightsClosedAccess
dc.sciencecloudnosend
dc.titleOpowieści i wiedza mieszkańców Górnej Nubii na temat dawnych budowli obronnych
dc.typeMonographChapter
dspace.entity.typePublication