Praca doktorska
Neologizmy w „Kongresie futurologicznym” Stanisława Lema. Ich motywacja, typy i funkcje
| dc.abstract.en | The thesis consists of two parts: the main part provides material analysis and the second one deals with the current state of research and basic problems connected with word formation, science fiction and Stanisław Lem’s works. The state of research is divided into two parts, due to multitude of publications about Lem’s idiostyle. The first part concerns artistic language in various typologies (e.g. Klemensiewicz 1961, Wilkoń 2000, Gajda 2001). This part includes the state of research of idiostyle: theoretical literary, translation-related and publications concerning other writers’ idiostyles (e.g. Dajnowski 2005, Chomik and Krajewska 2011, Nowotny-Szybistowa 1973). The second part of the state od research includes the summary of various definitions of the neologisms (e.g. Buttler 1962, Głowiński 1994) and the summary of research of derivation in Polish language (e.g. Bogusławski 1959, Grzegorczykowa and Puzynina 1979, Waszakowa 1994). In the first part of thesis, reference is made to popular science publications (for example the first biography of Stanisław Lem by Wojciech Orliński, 2017). In the first part, the main qualities of science fiction genre are described (anthology Spór o SF Handke, Jęczmyk, Okólska, 1989). In the thesis one can find definitions of a novel and a journal as well. The main hero’s journal in the novel is compared to a journal as a genre as seen by Bachtin (1986) and Wierzbicka (1983). The Futurological Congress was published in 1971. It is a science fiction novel describing a future world, where people create reality by taking drugs. Language of this science fiction story could be divided into science and fiction kind. The science in the language of The Futurological Congress may be observed in the scientific vocabulary. The fiction includes neologisms. Neologisms are new words based on the existing ones. A neologism is able to name new objects and phenomena. On the other hand, in literature new words also have an expressive function and they are individual. The second part of thesis describes new words in The Futurological Congress. In The Futurological Congress there are more than 400 neologisms. Approximately 140 of them are the names of drugs. In the thesis an attempt is made to describe all the new words. The main part of the thesis is divided into two parts. The first part includes methodology and description of the algorithm and the second part pertains to the construction of neologisms and their functions (especially semantic functions). The first step was to divide the neologisms based on how they were constructed. An algorithm was created, allowing for the division of new words from The Futurological Congress into five groups. The first group (I) comprises neologisms which were created according to Polish derivation (for example prahalucynogen from the word halucynogen, in the same way as the word prajęzyk was derived from the word język). Stanisław Lem mostly used polish suffixes, but also prefixes and interfixes. Groups II A and II B are associative neologisms. II A are new words based on one word (for example amokolina was based on the Polish word amok and suffix -olina). Suffixes and prefixes used in this group are stylized to resemble the existing endings. Group II B includes new words based on more than one word. Stanisław Lem had three ways to create the neologisms from this group. The first one was the use of expressions resembling chemical compounds (for example dwułagodek dobruchanu). The second one was by the means of two words put together by an interfix -o- or -e- (for example rzeczowidz). The last part constitutes neologisms typical for Lem which were connected by a common sound or part of the words (for example chemaskowanie is a neologism from the Polish words chemia and maskowanie with the common sound [m]). Another group (II C) contains the neologisms, where it is impossible to find their meanings. There are only five such new words in The Futurological Congress. This is an intentional way the author used to create a hero from the past. Group III comprises neosemanticisms. They are words which have new meanings in The Futurological Congress (for example lewak in the novel means a hunter of synthetic lions). The last group (IV) contains the Profesor Trottelreiner’s new words. They are in the novel, but they haven’t got meaning. *** In the thesis one can find a division of neologisms based on their construction and meaning. Many of them are names of drugs. Other categories include names of robots, names of computers, names of new professions or places. The new words built by Stanisław Lem were based on Polish, Latin and Greek languages (for example amicol from the Latin word amicus). Occasionally also English was used. The first function of neologisms is to create a new world in the novel. The second function, of equal importance, is a comedy function. Such a great number of neologisms in the text makes it grotesque. Lem accomplished the comedy effect by putting together religious and colloquial words. An example of this can be the neologism eschatolopek which is the name of a drug connected with eschatology. The grotesque may be observed in the names of robots and computers (for example korrumputer which means a corrupted computer). The comedy effect helps to interpret the text. To conclude, the thesis deals with part of Stanisław Lem’s idiostyle – neologisms. Another parts which could be analysed are scientific vocabulary and syntax in The Futurological Congress. On the other hand, the algorithm itself may be used as a tool for an analysis of other authors’ idiostyles. Stanisław Lem is the most frequently translated Polish author. However, there are many problems with the translation of the neologisms in his texts. This is the reason why this thesis could be useful for translators of Lem’s works. |
| dc.abstract.pl | Wybór tematu rozprawy nie był przypadkowy. Moje zainteresowania oscylowały między badaniami nad językiem a tekstem literackim. Badania idiostylu pisarzy pozwalają na połączenie analizy języka z interpretacją utworu. Wybór padł na opowiadanie Kongres futurologiczny Stanisława Lema, zaliczane do gatunku science fiction. Charakterystyczne dla tego gatunku są neologizmy artystyczne (stylizowane na słownictwo specjalistyczne – w przypadku Kongresu futurologicznego przede wszystkim na język chemii) oraz słownictwo zaczerpnięte ze stylu naukowego. Zdecydowałam skoncentrować się na neologizmach, gdyż to one są najbardziej charakterystycznym elementem idiostylu Stanisława Lema (por. Tambor 1990: 130–134), a Kongres futurologiczny zawiera ich wyjątkowo dużo: na 175 stronach opowiadania jest ich 409 (niektórzy badacze uważają, że najwięcej ze wszystkich utworów Stanisława Lema, por. Gesche, Gesche 2010: 155). Dodatkowym argumentem za wyborem opowiadania była osoba Ijona Tichego, głównego bohatera Kongresu futurologicznego, który pojawia się i w innych dziełach Stanisława Lema. Według Leszka Bugajskiego (1983: 34) „Kongres futurologiczny” stanowi pointę całego cyklu opowieści Ijona Tichego, jest on najwyraźniejszym świadectwem trwogi autora o losy naszego świata. Te fakty zadecydowały, że badania nad neologizmami Stanisława Lema ograniczyłam do analizy neologizmów z opowiadania Kongres futurologiczny. Rozprawa składa się z wstępu, dwóch części (ogólnej i analitycznej) oraz – na zakończenie – z krótkiego omówienia wymowy filozoficznej opowiadania, bibliografii, indeksu i streszczenia w języku angielskim. |
| dc.abstract.pl | Bibliography: Bachtin Michaił, 1986, Estetyka twórczości słownej, Warszawa. Bogusławski Andrzej, 1959, O zasadach analizy słowotwórczej, „Biuletyn PTJ” XVIII, s. 87- 95. Buttler Danuta, 1962, „Neologizm” i terminy pokrewne, „Poradnik Językowy” 4, red. Witold Doroszewski, Warszawa, s. 235-244. Chomik Milena, Krajewska Monika, 2011, Od nominacji do kreacji, Toruń. Dajnowski Maciej, 2005, Groteska w twórczości Stanisława Lema, Gdańsk. Gajda Stanisław, 2001, Najnowsze dzieje języków słowiańskich. Język polski, Opole. Grzegorczykowa Renata, Puzynina Jadwiga, 1979, Słowotwórstwo współczesnego języka polskiego, Warszawa. Klemensiewicz Zenon, 1961, W kręgu języka literackiego i artystycznego, Warszawa. Lem Stanisław, 2012, Kongres futurologiczny, Kraków. Nowotny-Szybistowa Magdalena, 1973, Osobliwości leksykalne w języku Stanisława Ignacego Witkiewicza, Wrocław. Orliński Wojciech, 2017, Lem. Życie nie z tej ziemi, Wołowiec. Spór o SF, 1989, red. Ryszard Handke, Lech Jęczmyk, Barbara Okólska, Poznań. Waszakowa Krystyna, 1994, Słowotwórstwo współczesnego języka polskiego. Rzeczowniki sufiksalne obce, Warszawa. Wierzbicka Anna, 1983, Genry mowy [w:] Tekst i zdanie, red. Teresa Dobrzyńska, Elżbieta Janus, Wrocław, s. 125-137. Wilkoń Aleksander, 2000, Typologia odmian językowych współczesnej polszczyzny, Katowice. |
| dc.affiliation.department | Wydział Polonistyki |
| dc.contributor.author | Potocka-Woźniak, Aleksandra |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2019-03-11T10:25:57Z |
| dc.date.available | 2019-03-11T10:25:57Z |
| dc.date.defence | 2019-03-19 |
| dc.date.issued | 2019-03-11 |
| dc.description.additional | Link archiwalny https://depotuw.ceon.pl/handle/item/3252 |
| dc.description.promoter | Zaron, Zofia |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://repozytorium.uw.edu.pl//handle/item/3252 |
| dc.language.iso | pl |
| dc.rights | ClosedAccess |
| dc.subject.en | journal |
| dc.subject.en | novel |
| dc.subject.en | science fiction |
| dc.subject.en | derivation |
| dc.subject.en | idiostyle |
| dc.subject.en | neologism |
| dc.subject.pl | dziennik |
| dc.subject.pl | opowiadanie |
| dc.subject.pl | science fiction |
| dc.subject.pl | derywacja |
| dc.subject.pl | idiostyl |
| dc.subject.pl | neologizm |
| dc.subject.pl | Stanisław Lem |
| dc.title | Neologizmy w „Kongresie futurologicznym” Stanisława Lema. Ich motywacja, typy i funkcje |
| dc.title.alternative | Neologisms in Stanisław Lem’s "The Futurological Congress". Their motivations, types and functions |
| dc.type | DoctoralThesis |
| dspace.entity.type | Publication |